To put it simply, basic oxygen steelmaking is a means of producing steel by using oxygen. The oxygen initiates a series of intensively exothermic heatreleasing reactions, including the oxidation of such impurities as carbon, silicon, phosphorus, and. Secondary steelmaking involves refining of the crude steel before casting and the various operations are normally carried out in ladles. How steel is made using the basic oxygen steelmaking process sean kennison eng 202c description assignment march 27, 2014. This tutorial shows how tu use the integrated basic oxygen steelmaking and secondary steelmaking simulator for steelchallenge. Basic oxygen steelmaking bos, bop, bof, or osm, also known as linzdonawitzsteelmaking or the oxygen converter process is a method of primary steelmaking in which carbonrich molten pig iron is made into steel. A thesis submitted to the school of graduate studies in partial fulfilent of the requirements for the degree. Explore the basic oxygen steelmaking simulation to convert molten iron and recycled steel into new steel. Modern furnaces, or converters will take a charge of up to 350 tonnes and convert it. Carbon is oxidised to carbon monoxide and much of the carbon in the metal escapes as. In order to solve this optimal control problem, the dynamic operation optimization method is introduced in bof steelmaking process control. Danieli linz oxygen converter steelmaking plants danieli. The oxygen steelmaking process converts the molten iron from the blast furnace with up to 30% steel scrap into refined steel. Co and co 2 are produced in the decarburisation reaction and the products of other oxidising reactions i.
Content introduction types of steel classification of carbon steel process of steelmaking basic oxygen furnace dri based steel making bessemer process open hearth furnace production of steel modern steelmaking process. This module introduces the learner to the operation of the basic oxygen steelmaking furnace for the transformation of molten iron to steel. After charging, the furnace is blown by blasting oxygen through a lance that is lowered into the molten metal. Blowing oxygen through molten pig iron lowers the carbon content of the alloy and changes it into lowcarbon steel. After the blow has continued for about 20 minutes, the metal is sampled. Hot metal from the blast furnace and steel scrap are the principal materials used in basic oxygen steelmaking bos. The basic oxygen steelmaking process differs from the eaf in that it is autogenous, or selfsufficient in energy. Consequently, an in situ solid electrolyte oxygen sensor for the steelmaking slags was developed in the present work. Its composition at this stage is shown in bar chart 3. High purity oxygen is blown through the molten bath to lower carbon, silicon, manganese, and phosphorous content of the iron, while various fluxes are used to reduce the sulfur and phosphorous levels. Nov 26, 2012 oxygen steelmaking training dvd from the bcsa and tata steel. Language english country great britain medium video. A solid electrolyte oxygen sensor for steelmaking slags of. The australian iron and steel sector is a fundamental building block for many activities in the australian economy, providing a key material for construction, infrastructure, resource developments and other manufacturing, including the automotive industry.
The facility is made up of the basic oxygen steelmaking bos plant, where the steel is made by three basic oxygen convertors, and the continuous casting plant concast, where the liquid steel takes shape and is made into slabs. Emf measurements, optical examination, and epma analysis of cross sections of the electrolyte tubes used in laboratory experiments indicated that magnesiastabilized zirconia was suitable for. Basic oxygen steelmaking and secondary steelmaking integrated. Basic oxygen steelmaking how is basic oxygen steelmaking abbreviated. The basic oxygen furnace bof is a refractorylined, tiltable converter into which a vertically movable, watercooled lance is inserted to blow oxygen through nozzles at. Dec 16, 2015 history of basic oxygen steelmaking basic oxygen steelmaking bos is the process of making steel by blowing pure oxygen o2 in a liquid metal bath contained in a vessel which is known as basic oxygen furnace bof, ld converter, or simply converter. Basic oxygen furnace process iron and steelmaking ii. So, in this post, id like to introduce the top 6 software to help all of you to make youtube animated videos easily. These are charged into the basic oxygen furnace bof vessel.
This article describes how these techniques have been used in 12 ld steel plants. Bos is the most common and dominant primary steelmaking process used in the world today. Nov 14, 2016 the purpose of the basic oxygen steelmaking bos process is to refine the hot metal produced in the blast furnace into raw liquid steel, which may be subsequently refined in the secondary. Emf measurements, optical examination, and epma analysis of cross sections of the electrolyte tubes used in laboratory experiments indicated that magnesiastabilized zirconia was.
Understanding dephosphorization in basic oxygen furnaces bofs. This course handles the steel making process which is converting the hot metal formed in the ironmaking process into steel. This video shows you how to use the process metallurgy module for steel and slag by walking you through an example representing a simplified steel making process in a basic oxygen furnace bof. Basic oxygen furnace based steelmaking processes and. The process occurs in a furnace which is a specially designed. Basic oxygen steelmaking is a method of primary steelmaking in which carbonrich molten pig iron is converted into steel. These include ore cooling, production of highcarbon and lowalloy steels, and the utilization of highphosphorous hot metal. Hot metal pretreatment to decrease some of the impurities, and basic oxygen furnace bof process to reach the required composition will be treated in detail. One of the optimal control problems in bof basic oxygen furnace steelmaking process is how to set the control variable values and make the dynamic optimal control indicator be the best one. Basic oxygen steelmaking bos is a method of creating steel that utilizes the blowing of pure oxygen to convert liquid iron and scrap into steel basic oxygen steelmaking.
Modern steelmaking abhay deo 12met012 metallurgy,giet gunupur 2. The basic oxygen steelmaking bos process consortium steel. Basic oxygen steelmaking primary steelmaking 3d model by. Basic oxygen furnace bof steel making or basic oxygen furnace steelmaking bos or linzdonawitzverfahren steelmaking or the oxygen converter process is a method in which both molten pig iron and steel scrap are converted into steel with the oxidizing action of oxygen blown into the melt under a basic slag. The basic oxygen steel bos making process this can be described via the following steps.
The process is known as basic due to the chemical nature of the refractoriescalcium oxide and magnesium oxidethat line the vessel to withstand the high. The development of a process charge expert system for a. A number of recent developments have widened the area of application of the ld, basic oxygen steelmaking process. How steel is made using the basic oxygen steelmaking process. You can compare them and pick up the best animated video editor for youtube according to your own needs. The oxygen steelmaking process is a generic name given to those processes in which gaseous oxygen is used as the primary agent for autothermic generation of heat as a result of the oxidation of dissolved impurities like carbon, silicon, manganese and phosphorus and to a limited extent the oxidation of iron itself. Basic oxygen steelmaking bos, bop, bof, and osm, also known as linzdonawitz steelmaking or the oxygen converter process is a method of primary steelmaking in which carbonrich molten pig iron is made into steel. These programs are designed for a novice, beginner, semiprofessional and professional respectively. Modelling of basic oxygen steel making process has significant utility as productivity and lining life of basic oxygen steelmaking bos is highly dependable upon mass, momentum, energy. Ironmaking and steelmaking bof basic oxygen furnace dlt danieli linz technology is the center for competence of converter oxygen steelmaking, covering the complete range of products downstream of the blast furnace and upstream from secondary metallurgy, in complete symmetry with danieli corus ijmuiden.
Plant and equipment, metallurgical processes, chemistry, raw materials, products and byproducts. More than half the worlds steel is produced in the basic oxygen process bop, which uses pure oxygen to convert a charge of liquid blastfurnace iron and scrap into steel. May 14, 2011 the basic oxygen steelmaking process differs from the eaf in that it is autogenous, or selfsufficient in energy. Ironmaking and steelmaking theory and practice and sponge iron production by direct reduction of iron oxide both published by phi learning, new delhi as well as two other books entitled beyond the blast furnace and metallics for steelmaking production and use besides a number of monographs on. Basic oxygen process bop, a steelmaking method in which pure oxygen is blown into a bath of molten blastfurnace iron and scrap. Primary steelmaking involves converting liquid iron from a blast furnace and steel scrap into steel via basic oxygen steelmaking, or melting scrap steel or direct reduced iron dri in an electric arc furnace. Modelling of basic oxygen steel making process has significant utility as productivity and lining life of basic oxygen steelmaking bos is highly dependable upon mass, momentum, energy transfer and rigorous interaction among metal, slag and gaseous phases. Basic oxygen steelmaking british universities film. Basic oxygen furnace for steel schematic which used after the blast furnace. The basic oxygen steelmaking module is part of the steel manufacturing course. Thomas4 optical microscopy, total oxygen measurements and slime tests have been conducted to quantify.
However, wood which is what charcoal is made from was becoming more expensive, as forests were being cleared for farmland and timber. Blowing oxygen through molten pig iron lowers the carbon content of the alloy and changes it into steel. Basic oxygen steelmaking article about basic oxygen. Products ironmaking and steelmaking bof basic oxygen.
Oxygen steelmaking technology committee activities the ostc met 1112 september 2019, collinsville, ill. How to low cost ce materi national chung hsing university 105 11. Jamie shorta, chris barnesa, dr mark evansb, dr roger grosvenorc, paul prickettc. More than half the worlds steel is produced in the basic oxygen process bop, which uses pure oxygen to convert a. Basic oxygen furnace based steelmaking processes and cleanliness control at baosteel l. In this simulation, you decide the levels of scrap and alloy additions to make. Two major steelmaking processes are used today in the uk. Basic oxygen steelmaking this module includes a simulation of basic oxygen steelmaking, one of the two main steelmaking processes. Comprehensive thermodynamic model of basic oxygen steel making pro. The purpose of the basic oxygen steelmaking bos process is to refine the hot metal produced in the blast furnace into raw liquid steel, which may be subsequently refined in the secondary. Introduction the purpose of the basic oxygen steelmaking bos process is to refine the hot metal produced in the blast furnace into raw liquid steel, which may be subsequently refined in the secondary steelmaking shop.
To serve the oxygen steelmaking industry by providing forums to learn about new and current technologies, discuss safe operating and maintenance practices, address environmental issues, as well as network globally with industry professionals of all disciplines. Oxygen steelmaking training dvd from the bcsa and tata steel. Oxygen pressure in the slag phase is an important parameter in steelmaking processes. Basic oxygen furnace animation the basic oxygen furnace process is a method of primary steelmaking in which carbonrich hot metal. Basic oxygen furnaces efficient, reliable, highcapacity eaton hydraulic systems are rapidly replacing heavy, maintenance intensive electromechanical components around the world. The primary raw materials for the bop are 7080% liquid hot metal from the blast furnace and the balance is steel scrap. In the basic oxygen furnace, hot metal from the blast furnace is converted into steel. Ironmaking and steelmaking bof basic oxygen furnace dlt danieli linz technology is the center for competence of converter oxygen steelmaking, covering the complete range of products downstream of the blast furnace and upstream from secondary metallurgy, in. The process occurs in a furnace which is a specially designed steel vessel that may be rotated through 360 in a vertical plane. The furnace needs no heating because the oxygen combines very exothermically with the impurity elements, carbon, silicon, manganese and phosphorus. Owing to the continuous deterioration in the quality of iron ore and scrap, there is an increasing focus on improving the basic oxygen furnace bof process to. Introduction basic oxygen steelmaking bos is a method of creating steel that utilizes the blowing of pure oxygen to convert liquid. In oxygen steelmaking the injected oxygen oxidise the impure elements.
To serve the oxygen steelmaking industry by providing forums to learn about new and current technologies, discuss safe operating and maintenance practices, address environmental issues, as well as network globally with. The purpose of the basic oxygen steelmaking bos process is to refine the hot metal produced in the blast furnace into raw liquid steel, which. The process is known as basic because fluxes of burnt lime or. Steel is run out of the taphole into a ladle, separating it from the lighter slag, which is later emptied as waste. Related reactions and technics are also introduced. Synopsis follows the process of turning iron from the blast furnace, plus scrap, into steel by the use of the basic oxygen converter. The bos process is now complete and the furnace can be tapped. Control of slopping inbasic oxygen steelmaking by george k. Basic oxygen steelmaking how is basic oxygen steelmaking.
The word basic refers to the ph of the refractories lining the ladle interior, which are normally composed of calcium oxide or magnesium oxide. Up to 1709, furnaces could only use charcoal to produce iron. History of basic oxygen steelmaking basic oxygen steelmaking bos is the process of making steel by blowing pure oxygen o2 in a liquid metal bath contained in a vessel which is known as basic oxygen furnace bof, ld converter, or simply converter. Basic oxygen steelmaking simulation steeluniversity. The basic oxygen steelmaking bos process consortium. The oxygen steelmaking process is a generic name given to those processes in which gaseous oxygen is used as the primary agent for autothermic generation of heat as a result of the oxidation of dissolved impurities like carbon, silicon, manganese and phosphorus and to a limited extent the. The main functions of the basic oxygen furnace bof are to decarburize and remove phosphorus from the hot metal, and to optimize the. Eaton engineers draw on the experience of industry leading names including hydrokraft, vickers, aeroquip, and waltersheid to create solutions that harness the.
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